Menene Masu Daidaita PVC

Masu daidaita PVCAna amfani da ƙarin abubuwa don inganta yanayin zafi na polyvinyl chloride (PVC) da copolymers ɗinsa. Ga robobi na PVC, idan zafin aikin ya wuce 160℃, ruɓewar zafi zai faru kuma za a samar da iskar gas ta HCl. Idan ba a danne ba, wannan ruɓewar zafi zai ƙara ta'azzara, wanda ke shafar ci gaban da amfani da robobi na PVC.

Bincike ya gano cewa idan robobin PVC sun ƙunshi ƙananan adadin gishirin gubar, sabulun ƙarfe, phenol, amine mai ƙanshi, da sauran ƙazanta, ba za a yi tasiri ga yadda ake sarrafa shi da amfani da shi ba, duk da haka, ruɓewar zafinsa za a iya rage shi zuwa wani mataki. Waɗannan nazarin suna ƙarfafa kafawa da ci gaba da haɓaka masu daidaita PVC.

Masu daidaita PVC sun haɗa da masu daidaita organotin, masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfe, da masu daidaita gishirin inorganic. Ana amfani da masu daidaita Organotin sosai wajen samar da kayayyakin PVC saboda bayyananniyar su, juriyar yanayi mai kyau, da kuma dacewarsu. Masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfe galibi suna amfani da gishirin calcium, zinc, ko barium, wanda zai iya samar da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi. Masu daidaita gishirin inorganic kamar su sulfate na tribasic, phosphite na lead dibasic, da sauransu suna da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci da kuma kyakkyawan rufin lantarki. Lokacin zabar mai daidaita PVC mai dacewa, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yanayin aikace-aikacen samfuran PVC da halayen kwanciyar hankali da ake buƙata. Masu daidaita abubuwa daban-daban zasu shafi aikin samfuran PVC ta jiki da ta sinadarai, don haka ana buƙatar tsari da gwaji mai tsauri don tabbatar da dacewa da masu daidaita abubuwa. Gabatarwa da kwatanta nau'ikan masu daidaita PVC daban-daban sune kamar haka:

Daidaita Organotin:Masu daidaita Organotin sune mafi ingancin masu daidaita kayayyakin PVC. Abubuwan da ke cikin su sune samfuran amsawar organotin oxides ko organotin chlorides tare da acid ko esters masu dacewa.

An raba masu daidaita Organotin zuwa masu ɗauke da sulfur da marasa sulfur. Kwanciyar masu daidaita Organotin mai ɗauke da sulfur abin birgewa ne, amma akwai matsaloli a dandano da kuma tabon da ke tsakanin sauran mahaɗan da ke ɗauke da sulfur. Masu daidaita Organotin mara sulfur yawanci suna dogara ne akan maleic acid ko rabin maleic acid esters. Suna sonmasu daidaita tin methylba su da tasiri sosaimasu daidaita zafitare da ingantaccen daidaiton haske.

Ana amfani da ma'aunin daidaita Organotin galibi a cikin marufi na abinci da sauran samfuran PVC masu haske kamar bututun ruwa masu haske.

Masu Daidaita Jagoranci:Abubuwan daidaita gubar da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da waɗannan mahaɗan: sitaci na dibasic, sitaci na tribasic mai ruwa-ruwa, sitaci na dibasic mai ruwa-ruwa, sitaci na dibasic mai ruwa-ruwa, da sitaci na dibasic mai ruwa-ruwa.

A matsayinsu na masu daidaita zafi, mahaɗan gubar ba za su lalata kyawawan halayen lantarki ba, ƙarancin shan ruwa, da kuma juriyar yanayi a waje na kayan PVC. Duk da haka,masu daidaita gubarsuna da rashin amfani kamar:

- Samun guba;

- gurɓataccen abu, musamman tare da sulfur;

- Samar da gubar chloride, wanda zai samar da ɗigon ruwa a kan kayayyakin da aka gama;

- Rabon nauyi, wanda ke haifar da rashin gamsuwa da rabon nauyi/girma.

- Masu daidaita gubar sau da yawa suna sa kayayyakin PVC su yi haske nan take kuma su canza launi da sauri bayan an daɗe ana zafi.

Duk da waɗannan rashin amfanin, har yanzu ana amfani da na'urorin daidaita gubar sosai. Don rufin lantarki, ana fifita na'urorin daidaita gubar. Amfana daga tasirinsa gabaɗaya, ana samun samfuran PVC masu sassauƙa da tauri da yawa kamar su kebul na waje, allon tauri na PVC mara haske, bututu masu tauri, fata ta wucin gadi, da na'urorin allura.

Masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfe: Haɗaɗɗun sinadarai masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfeTarin abubuwa ne na mahaɗan daban-daban, waɗanda aka tsara su bisa ga takamaiman aikace-aikacen PVC da masu amfani da su. Wannan nau'in mai daidaita sinadarai ya samo asali ne daga ƙara barium succinate da cadmium palm acid kaɗai zuwa ga haɗakar sabulun barium, sabulun cadmium, sabulun zinc, da phosphite na halitta, tare da antioxidants, masu narkewa, masu faɗaɗawa, masu plasticizers, masu launi, masu shaye-shaye na UV, masu haskakawa, wakilan sarrafa danko, mai, da dandanon wucin gadi. Sakamakon haka, akwai abubuwa da yawa da zasu iya shafar tasirin mai daidaita sinadarai na ƙarshe.

Masu daidaita ƙarfe, kamar barium, calcium, da magnesium ba sa kare launin farko na kayan PVC amma suna iya samar da juriya ga zafi na dogon lokaci. Kayan PVC da aka daidaita ta wannan hanyar suna farawa da rawaya/orange, sannan a hankali suna komawa launin ruwan kasa, sannan a ƙarshe su koma baƙi bayan zafi mai ɗorewa.

An fara amfani da na'urorin daidaita Cadmium da zinc saboda suna da haske kuma suna iya kiyaye launin asalin samfuran PVC. Tsarin thermostat na dogon lokaci da na'urorin daidaita cadmium da zinc ke bayarwa ya fi muni fiye da na barium, waɗanda ke lalacewa ba zato ba tsammani ba tare da wata alama ko kaɗan ba.

Baya ga rabon ƙarfe na factor, tasirin masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfe yana da alaƙa da mahaɗan gishirin su, waɗanda sune manyan abubuwan da ke shafar waɗannan halaye: mai, motsi, bayyananne, canjin launin launi, da kwanciyar hankali na zafi na PVC. Ga wasu na'urori masu daidaita ƙarfe da aka saba amfani da su: 2-ethylcaproate, phenolate, benzoate, da stearate.

Ana amfani da na'urorin daidaita gishirin ƙarfe sosai a cikin samfuran PVC masu laushi da samfuran PVC masu laushi kamar marufi na abinci, abubuwan amfani na likita, da marufi na magunguna.