Menene PVC Stabilizers

PVC stabilizersAdditives da ake amfani da su don inganta yanayin zafi na polyvinyl chloride (PVC) da copolymers. Domin PVC robobi, idan aiki zafin jiki ya wuce 160 ℃, thermal bazuwar zai faru da HCl gas za a samar. Idan ba a kashe shi ba, wannan bazuwar thermal zai ƙara tsanantawa, yana haifar da ci gaba da aikace-aikacen robobi na PVC.

Nazarin ya gano cewa idan robobin PVC sun ƙunshi ɗan ƙaramin gishirin gubar, sabulun ƙarfe, phenol, aromatic amine, da sauran ƙazanta, sarrafa shi da aikace-aikacensa ba za su taɓa yin tasiri ba, duk da haka, za a iya rage ruɓarsa zuwa wani ɗan lokaci. Wadannan karatun suna inganta kafawa da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaban PVC stabilizers.

Masu daidaitawa na PVC na yau da kullun sun haɗa da organotin stabilizers, masu daidaita gishirin ƙarfe, da masu daidaita gishirin inorganic. Organotin stabilizers ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin samar da PVC kayayyakin saboda su nuna gaskiya, da kyau yanayi juriya, da kuma dacewa. Metal gishiri stabilizers yawanci amfani da alli, zinc, ko barium salts, wanda zai iya samar da mafi kyau thermal kwanciyar hankali. Matsakaicin gishirin inorganic kamar sulfate sulfate na tribasic, dibasic gubar phosphite, da dai sauransu suna da yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci da kuma ingantaccen rufin lantarki. Lokacin zabar mai daidaitawar PVC mai dacewa, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yanayin aikace-aikacen samfuran PVC da abubuwan kwanciyar hankali da ake buƙata. Daban-daban masu daidaitawa za su shafi aikin samfuran PVC ta jiki da sinadarai, don haka ana buƙatar tsayayyen tsari da gwaji don tabbatar da dacewa da masu daidaitawa. Cikakken gabatarwa da kwatancen daban-daban na PVC stabilizers sune kamar haka:

Organotin Stabilizer:Organotin stabilizers ne mafi tasiri stabilizers ga PVC kayayyakin. Haɗin su shine samfuran amsawar organotin oxides ko organotin chlorides tare da acid ko esters masu dacewa.

Organotin stabilizers an raba zuwa sulfur-dauke da sulfur-free. Kwanciyar hankali mai ɗauke da sulfur yana da ban sha'awa, amma akwai matsaloli game da ɗanɗano da tabon giciye kama da sauran mahadi masu ɗauke da sulfur. Marasa sulfur organotin stabilizers yawanci dogara ne a kan maleic acid ko rabin maleic acid esters. Suna son methyl tin stabilizers ba su da tasiri masu daidaita zafi tare da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali.

Organotin stabilizers ana amfani da su a cikin marufi na abinci da sauran samfuran PVC masu kama da gaskiya kamar hoses na gaskiya.

Gubar Stabilizers:Matsalolin gubar na yau da kullun sun haɗa da mahadi masu zuwa: dibasic gubar stearate, hydrated tribasic gubar sulfate, dibasic gubar phthalate, da dibasic gubar phosphate.

A matsayin masu daidaita zafi, mahaɗan gubar ba za su lalata ingantattun kayan lantarki ba, ƙarancin sha ruwa, da juriyar yanayin waje na kayan PVC. Duk da haka,gubar stabilizerssuna da nakasu kamar:

- Samun guba;

- gurɓatawa, musamman tare da sulfur;

- Samar da gubar chloride, wanda zai haifar da streaks akan samfuran da aka gama;

- Matsakaicin nauyi, yana haifar da ƙimar nauyi / girma mara gamsarwa.

- Masu daidaitawar jagora sukan sa samfuran PVC ba su da kyau nan da nan kuma suna canza launin da sauri bayan dorewar zafi.

Duk da waɗannan lahani, har yanzu ana amfani da na'urorin daidaita gubar. Don rufin lantarki, an fi son masu daidaita gubar. Amfanuwa da tasirinta na gaba ɗaya, samfuran PVC masu sassauƙa da ƙaƙƙarfan ana samun su kamar su yadudduka na waje na USB, allon wuyar katako na PVC, bututu mai wuya, fata na wucin gadi, da injectors.

Metal gishiri stabilizers: Mixed karfe gishiri stabilizerstarin mahalli iri-iri ne, galibi ana tsara su bisa takamaiman aikace-aikacen PVC da masu amfani. Irin wannan stabilizer ya samo asali ne daga ƙari na barium succinate da cadmium dabino kawai zuwa gaurayar sabulun barium, sabulun cadmium, sabulun zinc, da kuma kwayoyin phosphite, tare da antioxidants, masu kaushi, masu shimfidawa, filastik, masu launi, masu ɗaukar UV, masu haske. , ma'aikatan sarrafa danko, mai mai, da ɗanɗano na wucin gadi. A sakamakon haka, akwai abubuwa da yawa waɗanda zasu iya rinjayar tasirin mai daidaitawa na ƙarshe.

Ƙarfe stabilizers, irin su barium, calcium, da magnesium ba su kare farkon launi na kayan PVC amma suna iya ba da juriya na zafi na dogon lokaci. Kayan PVC da aka daidaita ta wannan hanya yana farawa daga rawaya / orange, sannan a hankali ya juya zuwa launin ruwan kasa, kuma a ƙarshe ya zama baki bayan zafi akai-akai.

Cadmium da zinc stabilizers an fara amfani da su ne saboda a bayyane suke kuma suna iya kula da ainihin launi na samfuran PVC. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na dogon lokaci da cadmium da zinc stabilizers ke bayarwa ya fi muni fiye da wanda barium ke bayarwa, wanda ke haifar da raguwa kwatsam ba tare da wata alama ba.

Baya ga ma'anar ma'aunin ƙarfe, tasirin ƙarfe na stabilizers na ƙarfe yana da alaƙa da mahadin gishirin su, waɗanda sune manyan abubuwan da ke shafar abubuwa masu zuwa: lubricity, motsi, nuna gaskiya, canjin launi, da kwanciyar hankali na thermal na PVC. A ƙasa akwai da yawa gauraye karfe stabilizers: 2-ethylcaproate, phenolate, benzoate, da stearate.

Metal gishiri stabilizers ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin taushi PVC kayayyakin da m taushi PVC kayayyakin kamar abinci marufi, likita amfani, da kuma Pharmaceutical marufi.